Class 2: Basic Nouns, Pronouns & Particles
Goal: Learn the use of common nouns, pronouns, and particles (は, を, の, も) to create simple sentences.
1. Nouns & Pronouns
-
Nouns: People, places, and objects.
- Examples:
- かぞく (kazoku) – family
- いぬ (inu) – dog
- ねこ (neko) – cat
- たべもの (tabemono) – food
- がっこう (gakkou) – school
- Examples:
-
Pronouns:
- わたし (watashi) – I, me
- あなた (anata) – You
- かれ (kare) – He
- かのじょ (kanojo) – She
- それ (sore) – That (close to listener)
- これ (kore) – This (close to speaker)
- あれ (are) – That (far from both)
2. Particles
Particles are small words that indicate the role of other words in a sentence.
-
は (wa): Topic marker (indicates what the sentence is about).
- Example: わたしはがくせいです。 (Watashi wa gakusei desu.) – I am a student.
-
を (wo): Direct object marker (indicates what the action is affecting).
- Example: りんごをたべます。 (Ringo wo tabemasu.) – I eat an apple.
-
の (no): Possession marker (indicates ownership or belonging).
- Example: これはわたしのほんです。 (Kore wa watashi no hon desu.) – This is my book.
-
も (mo): "Also" or "too."
- Example: わたしもがくせいです。 (Watashi mo gakusei desu.) – I am also a student.
3. Vocabulary
Expand your nouns and pronouns by learning the following:
4. Kanji (5 Basic Kanji)
Start learning basic kanji. Write and recognize these:
5. Sentence Practice
Using the particles and vocabulary, practice making simple sentences.
- これはわたしのいぬです。 (Kore wa watashi no inu desu.) – This is my dog.
- わたしはりんごをたべます。 (Watashi wa ringo wo tabemasu.) – I eat an apple.
- かれもがくせいです。 (Kare mo gakusei desu.) – He is also a student.
6. Listening Practice
Listen to short conversations using basic nouns and particles. Practice identifying the subject, object, and how particles are used.
7. Homework
- Write 5 sentences using the particles は, を, の, and も.
- Memorize the 5 kanji (一, 二, 三, 人, 日).
- Review and practice the vocabulary.
Next time, we will focus on verbs and present tense! Let me know if you have any questions.
