Minna no Nihongo - Unit 6 Overview
Unit 6 focuses on discussing daily activities, using verbs for actions such as eating, drinking, and shopping. You will also learn how to ask for and offer things politely and how to invite someone to do something. This unit introduces the use of direct objects in sentences.
1. Vocabulary (たんご)
Key vocabulary from Unit 6 includes action verbs and objects used in daily activities:
- たべます (tabemasu) – to eat
- のみます (nomimasu) – to drink
- すいます (suimasu) – to smoke
- かいます (kaimasu) – to buy
- みます (mimasu) – to watch, to see
- ききます (kikimasu) – to listen, to hear
- します (shimasu) – to do
- とります (torimasu) – to take (a picture)
- あいます (aimasu) – to meet
- ごはん (gohan) – meal, rice
- たまご (tamago) – egg
- さかな (sakana) – fish
- やさい (yasai) – vegetables
- くだもの (kudamono) – fruit
- みず (mizu) – water
- おちゃ (ocha) – tea
- こうちゃ (kōcha) – black tea
- ぎゅうにゅう (gyūnyū) – milk
- ビール (bīru) – beer
- おさけ (osake) – alcohol, sake
- えいが (eiga) – movie
- しゃしん (shashin) – photograph
- みせ (mise) – store, shop
2. Grammar Points (ぶんぽう)
A. Using Direct Objects with the Particle を
- To indicate the direct object of a verb, use the particle を (wo). The structure is:
- [Subject] は [Object] を [Verb].
Examples:
- わたしは りんごを たべます。 (Watashi wa ringo o tabemasu.) – I eat an apple.
- わたしは えいがを みます。 (Watashi wa eiga o mimasu.) – I watch a movie.
- ビールを のみます。 (Bīru o nomimasu.) – I drink beer.
B. Offering and Asking for Things
- How to Offer Something:
- [Object] を どうぞ。 (O [Object] o dōzo.) – Here is [Object].
Example:
- これを どうぞ。 (Kore o dōzo.) – Here you are.
- How to Ask for Something Politely:
- [Object] を ください。 ([Object] o kudasai.) – Please give me [Object].
Examples:
- みずを ください。 (Mizu o kudasai.) – Please give me water.
- メニューを ください。 (Menyū o kudasai.) – Please give me the menu.
C. Inviting Someone to Do Something
- To invite someone to do something together, use the structure:
- いっしょに [Verb] ませんか。 (Issho ni [verb] masen ka?) – Won’t you [verb] with me?
Examples:
- いっしょに えいがを みませんか。 (Issho ni eiga o mimasen ka?) – Would you like to watch a movie together?
- いっしょに ひるごはんを たべませんか。 (Issho ni hirugohan o tabemasen ka?) – Shall we have lunch together?
3. Example Sentences
- わたしは ごはんを たべます。 (Watashi wa gohan o tabemasu.) – I eat rice.
- ともだちは おちゃを のみます。 (Tomodachi wa ocha o nomimasu.) – My friend drinks tea.
- しゃしんを とります。 (Shashin o torimasu.) – I take a picture.
- いっしょに こうえんへ いきませんか。 (Issho ni kōen e ikimasen ka?) – Shall we go to the park together?
4. Practice Sentences
- パンを たべます。 (Pan o tabemasu.) – I eat bread.
- ビールを のみません。 (Bīru o nomimasen.) – I do not drink beer.
- にほんの えいがを みます。 (Nihon no eiga o mimasu.) – I watch Japanese movies.
- しゃしんを とりましょう。 (Shashin o torimashō.) – Let's take a picture.
5. Summary
Unit 6 focuses on verbs related to daily activities such as eating, drinking, buying, and watching. It introduces how to use the particle を to mark direct objects, how to ask for things politely, and how to invite someone to do something together. Be sure to practice forming sentences with direct objects and using polite expressions.
